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<blockquote data-quote="sum quod sum" data-source="post: 452710" data-attributes="member: 11053"><p>Sannolikt inte en HDD i Terrys Lenovo ThinkPad utan en SSD (om den inte är väldigt gammal).</p><p></p><p><a href="https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/fast11/tech/full_papers/Wei.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/fast11/tech/full_papers/Wei.pdf</a> :</p><p><strong>3.4 Sanitization standards</strong></p><p><u><strong><u>Although many government standards provide guidance</u></strong></u></p><p><u><strong>on storage sanitization, only one [25] (that we are aware</strong></u></p><p><u><strong>of) provides guidance specifically for SSDs and that is</strong></u></p><p><u><strong>limited to “USB Removable Disks.” Most standards,</strong></u></p><p><u><strong>however, provide separate guidance for magnetic media</strong></u></p><p><u><strong>and flash memory.</strong></u></p><p><u><strong>For magnetic media such as hard disks, the standards</strong></u></p><p><u><strong>are consistent: overwrite the drive a number of times,</strong></u></p><p><u><strong>execute the built-in secure erase command and destroy</strong></u></p><p><u><strong>the drive, or degauss the drive. For flash memory, how-</strong></u></p><p><u><strong>ever, the standards do not agree.</strong></u> For example, NIST 800-</p><p>88 [25] suggests overwriting the drive, Air Force Sys-</p><p>tem Security Instruction 5020 suggests ‘[using] the erase</p><p>procedures provided by the manufacturer” [2], and the</p><p>DSS Clearing & Sanitization matrix [11] suggests “per-</p><p>form[ing] a full chip erase per manufacturer’s datasheet.”</p><p>None of these solutions are satisfactory: Our data</p><p>shows that overwriting is ineffective and that the “erase</p><p>procedures provided by the manufacturer” may not work</p><p>properly in all cases. The final suggestion to perform a</p><p>chip erase seems to apply to chips rather than drives, and</p><p>it is easy to imagine it being interpreted incorrectly or</p><p>applied to SSDs inappropriately. Should the user consult</p><p>the chip manufacturer, the controller manufacturer, or the</p><p>drive manufacturer for guidance on sanitization?</p><p>We conclude that the complexity of SSDs relative to</p><p>hard drives requires that they provide built-in sanitiza-</p><p>tion commands. Since our tests show that manufacturers</p><p>do not always implement these commands correctly, they</p><p>should be verifiable as well. Current and proposed ATA</p><p>and SCSI standards provide no mechanism for verifica-</p><p>tion and the current trend toward encrypting SSDs makes</p><p>verification even harder.</p><p>Built-in commands for whole disk sanitization appear</p><p>to be effective, if implemented correctly. However, no</p><p>drives provide support for sanitizing a single file in iso-</p><p>lation. The next section explores how an FTL might sup-</p><p>port this operation.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="sum quod sum, post: 452710, member: 11053"] Sannolikt inte en HDD i Terrys Lenovo ThinkPad utan en SSD (om den inte är väldigt gammal). [URL]https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/fast11/tech/full_papers/Wei.pdf[/URL] : [B]3.4 Sanitization standards[/B] [U][B][U]Although many government standards provide guidance[/U] on storage sanitization, only one [25] (that we are aware of) provides guidance specifically for SSDs and that is limited to “USB Removable Disks.” Most standards, however, provide separate guidance for magnetic media and flash memory. For magnetic media such as hard disks, the standards are consistent: overwrite the drive a number of times, execute the built-in secure erase command and destroy the drive, or degauss the drive. For flash memory, how- ever, the standards do not agree.[/B][/U] For example, NIST 800- 88 [25] suggests overwriting the drive, Air Force Sys- tem Security Instruction 5020 suggests ‘[using] the erase procedures provided by the manufacturer” [2], and the DSS Clearing & Sanitization matrix [11] suggests “per- form[ing] a full chip erase per manufacturer’s datasheet.” None of these solutions are satisfactory: Our data shows that overwriting is ineffective and that the “erase procedures provided by the manufacturer” may not work properly in all cases. The final suggestion to perform a chip erase seems to apply to chips rather than drives, and it is easy to imagine it being interpreted incorrectly or applied to SSDs inappropriately. Should the user consult the chip manufacturer, the controller manufacturer, or the drive manufacturer for guidance on sanitization? We conclude that the complexity of SSDs relative to hard drives requires that they provide built-in sanitiza- tion commands. Since our tests show that manufacturers do not always implement these commands correctly, they should be verifiable as well. Current and proposed ATA and SCSI standards provide no mechanism for verifica- tion and the current trend toward encrypting SSDs makes verification even harder. Built-in commands for whole disk sanitization appear to be effective, if implemented correctly. However, no drives provide support for sanitizing a single file in iso- lation. The next section explores how an FTL might sup- port this operation. [/QUOTE]
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